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St. Anthony Hall is a national college literary society at elite colleges in the United States of America. The society's chapters go by different names on different campuses, including Saint Anthony Hall, The Order of St. Anthony, the Fraternity of Delta Psi (ΔΨ), St. A's, the Hall and the Number Six Club. St. Anthony Hall's activities foster the social and intellectual development of its undergraduate members by encouraging individual expression and promoting the exchange of ideas by providing a forum for discussion and presentations. The first, or 'Alpha' Chapter was founded at Columbia University on January 17, 1847, which is the feast day of St. Anthony. As of 2015, there are 11 active undergraduate chapters—several have a public literary and arts presence, some resemble traditional campus fraternities, while others are purely secret societies. The organization welcomes this diversity, while allowing each chapter to determine its own identity and membership requirements. Since 1969, five previously all-male chapters have opened to women, three 19th century chapters have been refounded as co-ed, and three chapters have remained all-male—the latter group still recognizing the authority of female national officers. St Anthony Hall was the first formerly white fraternity at both the University of North Carolina (1967)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=FRATERNITY PLEDGES NEGRO AT CAROLINA )〕 and the University of Mississippi to admit African American members. In 1879, ''Baird's Manual'' characterized the organization as having "the reputation of being the most secret of all the college societies." References appear in several F. Scott Fitzgerald short stories and Tom Wolfe's novels. The Order has a distinguished architectural inheritance. ==History and chapters== In 1847, after the organization's 'Alpha' Chapter was founded on January 17 at Columbia University, a 'Beta' Chapter at New York University was also founded, but by 1853 had been 'united' with the Alpha.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities (1879)/Delta Psi: Information from )〕 By 1879, Columbia College's ''Record'' listed the NYU founders alongside its own Columbia students. The currently chartered chapters of St. Anthony Hall include: *Alpha: Columbia University, New York, New York - St Anthony Hall Society (Co-Ed, Residential) *Delta: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania - St Anthony Hall Fraternity (All Male, Residential) *Epsilon: Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut - St Anthony Hall Fraternity (Co-Ed, Residential) *Iota: Rochester, New York, formerly at University of Rochester - St Anthony Hall Society (Co-Ed, off campus) *Theta: Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey - St Anthony Hall Society (Co-Ed) *Kappa: Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island - St Anthony Hall Fraternity (Co-Ed, Residential) *Xi: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina - St Anthony Hall Fraternity (Co-Ed, Residential) *Phi: University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi - Delta Psi Fraternity (All Male, Residential) *Sigma: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut - St Anthony Hall Society (Co-Ed) *Tau: MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts - Delta Psi Fraternity/Number Six Club (Co-Ed, Residential) *Upsilon: University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia - St Anthony Hall Fraternity (All Male, Residential) At some universities, the Order of St. Anthony maintains a chapter house colloquially referred to as "The Hall" or "St. A's", although at MIT, the society is known as "The Number Six Club" in reference to that chapter's original founding and residence at No. 6 Louisburg Square in Boston's Beacon Hill neighborhood. According to its national website, St. Anthony Hall originally began as a "fraternity dedicated to the love of education and the well-being of its members." Chapters were founded throughout the Northeast, and extended into the South during the mid-19th century. During the Civil War, formal contact ended between Northern and Southern chapters, though contact was restored between remaining and refounded chapters after the War. The Order's history states that ''"many members wore their badges into battle, serving with distinction on both sides, and were often reunited in both pleasant and antagonistic situations throughout the war"''. *See the Baird's Manual excerpt below for a near-contemporary account of the disposition of the chapters following the Civil War. *Archive photo of Civil War officer killed at Gettysburg, who signed his portrait "Yours in Delta Psi". Because their patron, Anthony of Egypt is often depicted with his Tau Cross, the symbol has been used to embellish the architecture of some St. A's chapter houses. St. Anthony also became a swineherd, hence Hall members sentimentally regard the pig, one of the Saint's 'attributes', as an informal mascot. However the fraternity has never had any religious affiliation; the inspiration provided by this ascetic saint (and his pig) is solely thematic. As a hermit and founder of monasticism, Anthony is identified with the "book of nature" and not writing. St. Anthony was the focus of a Roman Catholic Hospital Order which flourished from the 13th to 18th centuries and was responsible for treating the effects of ergot poisoning or St. Anthony's Fire. Today's Alpha chapter is decorated with prints of "The Temptation of St. Anthony" as well as the mythic symbol the "Owl of Minerva". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「St. Anthony Hall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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